Caring for Women with Circumcision: Fact sheet for Physicians, Rainbo

Caring for Women with Circumcision: A Technical Manual for Health Care Providers [FRCS: 1999] Nahid Toubia, MD

This is a clinical guide for health practitioners on how to manage physical complications of female circumcision/female genital mutilation (FC/FGM) including issues of perinatal and obstetric care. It also provides background on the social and cultural meanings of FC/FGM and deals with issues on culturally-sensitive counseling. Available in English in hard copy only.

Management of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period in the presence of female genital mutilation  - Report of a WHO technical consultation, October 1997 [WHO: 2001]

This report outlines the major health complications of FGM associated with pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period, and to define the essential package of care required to manage and/or prevent these complications in settings where resources are limited.  It also discusses service barriers and other problems in providing this essential package of care and to make recommendations as to how they may be overcome.